Classification of steel sections

Steel sections are a type of strip steel with certain cross-sectional shapes and dimensions, and they are one of the four major categories of steel products (plate, pipe, section, and wire. There are various ways to classify steel sections, and the following are some main classification methods:

1. Classification by Cross-sectional Shape

Simple Cross-section Steel Sections: Including square steel, round steel, flat steel, angle steel, and hexagonal steel. These steel sections have relatively simple cross-sectional shapes and are easy to process and use.

Complex Cross-section Steel Sections (Special-shaped Steel): Including I-beams, channel steel, rail tracks, window frame steel, and curved steel sections. These steel sections have complex cross-sectional shapes and specific mechanical properties for specific purposes.

2. Classification by Smelting Quality

Ordinary Steel Sections: Further divided into large, medium, and small steel sections according to the current metal product catalog. These steel sections have general smelting quality and are suitable for general building and structural needs.

High-quality Steel Sections: Made from high-quality steel, including hot-rolled (forged) high-quality steel sections and cold-drawn (cold-rolled) high-quality steel sections. These steel sections have higher smelting quality and performance, suitable for applications with higher material requirements.

3. Classification by Production Method

Hot-rolled Steel Sections: Produced through hot-rolling processes, such as hot-rolled H-beams and hot-rolled I-beams. These steel sections have excellent mechanical properties and processability.

Cold-bent Steel Sections: Produced through cold-bending processes, such as cold-bent channel steel and cold-bent angle steel. These steel sections have high dimensional accuracy and good surface quality.

4. Classification by Application

H-beams: Depending on the application, H-beams can be classified into H-beam beams, H-beam columns, H-beam piles, and H-beams with extremely thick flanges. H-beams have reasonable cross-sectional dimensions and good mechanical properties, widely used in construction, bridges, machinery manufacturing, and other fields.

I-beams: Also known as steel beams, they are long steel strips with an I-shaped cross-section. I-beams are widely used in industrial buildings and metal structures, such as factories, bridges, ships, agricultural machinery and vehicle manufacturing, and transmission towers.

Channel Steel: Long steel strips with a grooved cross-section. Channel steel is mainly used in building structures, vehicle manufacturing, and other industrial structures, often used in conjunction with I-beams.

Angle Steel: Commonly known as angle iron, it is a long steel strip with two sides perpendicular to each other forming an angle. Angle steel can be assembled into various load-bearing components according to different structural needs, and can also be used as connecting pieces between components, widely used in various building structures and engineering structures.

5. Classification by Size and Specification

Large Steel Sections: Such as large I-beams, channel steel, and angle steel, usually with larger dimensions, suitable for large-scale building and structural needs.

Medium Steel Sections: Such as medium I-beams, channel steel, and angle steel, with moderate dimensions, suitable for general building and structural needs.

Small Steel Sections: Such as small angle steel, round steel, and square steel, with smaller dimensions, commonly used in building reinforcement, mechanical parts, etc.

In addition, H-beams can also be classified into wide-flange, medium-flange, and narrow-flange H-beams based on the width of the flanges; and into large, medium, and small H-beams based on size specifications. These classification methods help users select the appropriate type of steel section according to specific needs.

Overall, there are various ways to classify steel sections, and users can choose the appropriate type of steel section based on specific application scenarios and requirements. When selecting, factors such as the mechanical properties, processability, dimensional accuracy, and surface quality of the material need to be considered.